Antimony (symbol Sb from the Latin word stibium) is a silvery white metal. Antimony oxide is primarily used in fire-retardant formulations for plastics, rubbers, textiles, paper and paints.
It can also be used for producing semiconductors, infrared detectors and diodes. Because of its relative inflexibility, it is usually mixed into alloys for further application, e.g., manufacture of lead storage batteries, solder, sheet and pipe metal, bearings, castings etc.
Antimony is a strategic metal used to harden lead in ammunition/ordnance and lead-acid storage batteries. Traditionally, Antimony has seen its demand driven by military usage, but this has changed since fire retardants arose to become the main application for the metal.
The latest new technology to utilize the metal is Antimony Batteries for mass storage. The potential here is a historical surge in demand if this new technology gains broad adoption. Recent backers of this new technology include Bill Gates, largest investor in a rapidly growing Massachusetts-based liquid metal battery company called Ambri ( https://reneweconomy.com.au/bill-gates-backed-liquid-metal-battery-company-secures-a200-million/ )
China has long dominated the production of the metal, with a near 88% grip of the global production. China however, is suffering declining internal production from mines, it still dominates the processing of the concentrates, much of which comes from artisanal sources in the developing world.
As a result of this dominance, Antimony is one of the few metals that registers as critical in all the rankings (US, EU, Canada, JOGMEC, UK & Australia) of criticality of supply.
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